1023 TIMELINE 0F FRANCE

TIMELINE 0F FRANCE

http://www.france-pub.com/history-timeline.html

• 10 000 BC Paleolithic age
• 5000 - 2500 BC Neolithic age
• 51 BC - 486 AD Gaule
• 52 - The Battle of Alesia
• 486 - 751 Complete timeline about the Merovingiens period
  • 481 - 511 Clovis, the first king of the Francs
  • 629 - 638 Dagobert I
  • 721 - 737 Thierry IV
• 751 - 987 Carolingiens period
• 751 - 768 King Pepin le Bref
• 768 - 814 Charlemagne,
• 843 - 877 Charles II
• 877 - 879 Louis II
• 879 - 882 Louis III
• 898 - 923 Charles III
• 936 - 954 Louis IV
• 996 - 987 Louis V
• 987 - Capetiens period
• 987 - 996 Hugues I
• 996 - 1031 Robert II le Pieux
• 1031 - 1060 Henri I
• 1060 - 1108 Philippe I
• 1096 - Contruction of the Basilica Vézelay
• 1108 - 1137 Louis VI
• 1130 - Construction of the Abbey of Fontenay
• 1137 - 1180 Louis VII
• 1180 - 1223 Philippe II
• 1223 - 1226 Louis VIII
• 1226 - 1270 Louis IX
• 1270 - 1285 Philippe le Hardi III
• 1285 - 1314 Philippe le Bel IV
• 1309 - The Pope moves to Avignon
• 1314 - 1316 Louis IX
• 1316 - Jean I ( died after only four days )
• 1316 - 1322 Philippe V
• 1322 - 1328 Charles IV
• 1328 - Valois Period
• 1346 - The Battle of Crecy
• 1350 - 1364 Jean II le bon
• 1364 - 1380 Charles V
• 1380 - 1422 Charles VI
• 1422 - 1461 Charles VII
• 1431 - Jean d'Arc is burnt to death in the city of Reims
• 1461 - 1483 Louis XI
• End of the Middle Ages 1486
• 1483 - 1498 Charles VIII
• 1483 - 1595 Renaissance period
• 1498 - 1515 Louis XII
• 1539 - The king Francois 1st declares French as the offical language of France
• 1534 - Francois Cartier begins to explore what is Canada
• 1559 - 1560 Francois II, end of the war with Italy
• 1562 - 1598 The War of Religions
• 1589 - 1610 Henry IV (murdered by Ravaillac)
• 1610 - 1643 Louis XIII
• 1643 - 1715 Louis XIV Roi Soleil, the longest reign of a French king
• 1661 - Louis XIV begins the construction of Versailles
• 1715 - 1774 Louis XV
• 1774 - 1792 Louis XVI
• 1778 The American Colonies and France signed a military treaty on February 6.
• 1783 The Treaty of Paris is signed to end the American Revolutionary War
• 1789 The French Revolution
  • Prise de la Bastille the 14th July
  • The declaration of "Droits de l'homme" 26th August
  • The wealth of church is given to the nation 2nd November
• 1792 1st Republic
• 1793 Louis XVI is guillotined 21st January
• 1793 Marie Antoinette executed the 16th October
• 1795 France adopts the metric system
• 1796 Napoleon named as general of the army of Italy
• 1799 Creation of the Bank of France
• 1804 - 1814 Napoleon 1
• 1809 Napoleon takes Moscow
• 1809 Louis Braille is born on January 4th
• 1810 Chopin is born
• 1814 - 1824 Louis XVIII
• 1814 The Restoration, where the monarchy regains powers.
• 1816 Napoleon defeated at the Battle of Waterloo
• 1821 Death of Napoleon 1 on the island of Saint Helene
• 1822 Louis Pasteur is born December 27th
• 1824 - 1830 Charles X
• 1830 Les Trois Glorieuses, 3 days of Parisian revolution.
• 1830 - 1848 Louis-Philippe I, declared king of the French and King of France.
• 1840 - 1917 Auguste Rodin, the sculptor
• 1844 The Three Musketeers by Alexandre Dumas
• 1848 The 2nd Republic
• 1849 Chopin dies in Paris
• 1852 - 1870 2nd Empire Napoleon III ( he dies in England in 1873)
• 1858 The vision of Bernadette Soubrious at Lourdes
• 1862
  • Victor Hugo writes "Les Miserables"
  • Debussy is born near Paris
• 1870 The battle of Sedan, Napoleon III surrenders to the Prussians and France loses Alsace and Lorraine
• 1871 The 3rd Republic
• 1880 Offenbach dies in Paris
• 1887 - 1894 Sadi Carnot
• 1894 The affair Drefus, accused of treason
• 1889 World Expo at Paris with the Eiffel Tower
• 1895 Louis Pasteur September 28th
• 1898 J'accuse by Emile Zola
• 1899 Renault begin to construct automobiles
• 1905 The law separates the state from the church
• 1906-1913 Clemenceau
• 1914 - 1918 World War I
  • Detailed dates and timeline for World War I
  • ANZAC
• 1926 Death Claude Monet
• 1936 Holiday pay begins
• 1936-1945 Second World War
  • Detailed dates and timeline for World War II
  • Petain 1940-1944
  • D-Day June 6 1944
  • World war II, all in French, but excellent site
• 1938 Jean-Paul Sartre publishes La Nausée
• 1942 Albert Camus publishes L'Etranger
• 1944 - 1946 Charles De Gaulle
• 1944 April 21st, France finally gives women the right to vote.
• 1946 - 1947 Léon Blum
• 1947 The 4th Republic
• 1947-1954 Vincent Henrauriol
• 1954-1959 René Coty
• 1957 France joins the EEC
• 1959 The 5th Republic
• 1959-1969 Charles de Gaulle is president of France
• 1960 Albert Camus dies
• 1962 End of the war in Algeria
• 1968 - May student riots
• 1969 - 1974 President Pompidou
• 1969 The first flight of the Anglo-French built super sonic aircraft "Concorde"
• 1970 Death of Charles De Gaulle
• 1972 Maurice Chevalier dies on the 1st of January
• 1974 Valéry Giscard d'Estaing elected President
• 1981 François Mitterrand elected President
• 1981 France abolishes the Death penalty.
• 1988 François Mitterrand re-elected President
• 1991 Edith Cresson, the first woman French Prime Minister
• 1992 The French singer composer Michel Berger dies
• 1995 Jacques Chirac elected President
• 1996 François Mitterrand dies
• 2001 Constitution is changed, the President is elected for 5 years (7 years before)
• 2002 Jacques Chirac re-elected President
• 2007 Nicolas Sarkozy elected as the 6th President of the 5th French Repulic
• 2012 Francois Hollande elected as the 7th President of the 5th French Repulic

Family tree of the French kings

Also... >> Maps of France, >> World War One, >> World War Two,

1022-4 Henry (I, King of France 1031-1060)

Henry (I, King of France 1031-1060)

Henry was the son of the King of France Robert the Pious and Constance of Arles. As Henry's older brother had died, Henry became King of France when his father died in July of 1031. Henry ruled France from 1031 until his death in 1060. Henry's younger brother Robert, supported by their mother Constance, had designs on the French throne. This led to conflicts between the brothers but was resolved in 1034 when Henry gave Robert the title of Duke of Burgundy. Henry tried to take control of Normandy, the area to the north of his own lands that cut him off from the sea. Henry was defeated twice by William the Duke of Normandy who would later become William the Conqueror. Henry was defeated in 1054 at the battle of Mortemer and again in 1057 (or 1058) at Varaville.

1022-3 Capetian dynasty Robert II of France

Robert II (27 March 972 – 20 July 1031), called the Pious (French: le Pieux) or the Wise (French: le Sage), was King of the Franks from 996 until his death. The second reigning member of the House of Capet, he was born in Orléans to Hugh Capet and Adelaide of Aquitaine.

Co-rule with father

Immediately after his own coronation, Robert's father Hugh began to push for the coronation of Robert. "The essential means by which the early Capetians were seen to have kept the throne in their family was through the association of the eldest surviving son in the royalty during the father's lifetime," Andrew W. Lewis has observed, in tracing the phenomenon in this line of kings who lacked dynastic legitimacy.^[2] Hugh's claimed reason was that he was planning an expedition against the Moorish armies harassing Borrel II of Barcelona, an invasion which never occurred, and that the stability of the country necessitated a co-king, should he die while on expedition.^[3] Ralph Glaber, however, attributes Hugh's request to his old age and inability to control the nobility.^[4] Modern scholarship has largely imputed to Hugh the motive of establishing a dynasty against the claims of electoral power on the part of the aristocracy, but this is not the typical view of contemporaries and even some modern scholars have been less sceptical of Hugh's "plan" to campaign in Spain.^[5] Robert was eventually crowned on 25 December 987.^[6] A measure of Hugh's success is that when Hugh died in 996, Robert continued to reign without any succession dispute, but during his long reign actual royal power dissipated into the hands of the great territorial magnates.

Robert had begun to take on active royal duties with his father in the early 990s. In 991, he helped his father prevent the French bishops from trekking toMousson in the Kingdom of Germany for a synod called by Pope John XV, with whom Hugh was then in disagreement.

Marital problems[edit]

As early as 989, having been rebuffed in his search for a Byzantine princess,^[7] Hugh Capet arranged for Robert to marry Rozala, the recently widowed daughter of Berengar II of Italy, many years his senior, who took the name of Susanna upon becoming Queen.^[8] She was the widow of Arnulf II of Flanders, with whom she had two children. Robert divorced her within a year of his father's death in 996. He tried instead to marry Bertha, daughter of Conrad of Burgundy, around the time of his father's death. She was a widow of Odo I of Blois, but was also Robert's cousin. For reasons ofconsanguinity, Pope Gregory V refused to sanction the marriage, and Robert was excommunicated.^[9] After long negotiations with Gregory's successor, Sylvester II, the marriage was annulled.

Seal of Robert II

Finally, in 1001, Robert entered into his final and longest-lasting marriage to Constance of Arles, the daughter of William I of Provence. Her southern customs and entourage were regarded with suspicion at court. After his companion Hugh of Beauvais urged the king to repudiate her as well, knights of her kinsman Fulk III, Count of Anjou had Beauvais murdered. The king and Bertha then went to Rome to ask Pope Sergius IV for an annulment so they could remarry.^[10] After this was refused, he went back to Constance and fathered several children by her. Her ambition alienated the chroniclers of her day, who blamed her for several of the king's decisions. Constance and Robert remained married until his death in 1031.

///

1022-2 Capetian dynasty

Philip III  King of France r. 1270–1285

Philip IV  King of France  King of Navarre r. 1285–1314

Charles of Valois d. 1325

Louis X  King of France  King of Navarre r. 1314–16

Philip V  King of France  King of Navarre r. 1316–22

Charles IV  King of France  King of Navarre r. 1322–28

Isabella

Edward II  King of England

Philip VI  King of France r. 1328–50

Joan II  Queen of Navarre b. 1312

Joan III of Burgundy b. 1308

Edward III  King of England b. 1312

Charles of Évreux b. 1332

Philip of Burgundy b. 1323

Capetian dynasty

The Capetian dynasty /kəˈpiːʃⁱən/, also known as the House of France, is a dynasty of Frankish origin, founded by Hugh Capet. It is among the largest and oldest European royal houses, consisting of Hugh Capet's male-line descendants. The senior line ruled in France as the House of Capet from the election of Hugh Capet in 987 until the death of Charles IV in 1328. They were succeeded by cadet branches, the Houses of Valois and the Bourbon, which ruled until the French Revolution.

The dynasty had a crucial role in the formation of the French state. Initially obeyed only in their own demesne, the Île-de-France, the Capetian kings slowly but steadily increased their power and influence until it grew to cover the entirety of their realm. For a detailed narration on the growth of French royal power, see Crown lands of France.

Members of the dynasty were traditionally Catholic. The early Capetians had an alliance with the Church. The French were also the most active participants in the Crusades, culminating in a series of five Crusader Kings – Louis VII, Philip Augustus, Louis VIII, Saint Louis, and Philip III. The Capetian alliance with the papacy suffered a severe blow after the disaster of the Aragonese Crusade. Philip III's son and successor, Philip IV, humiliated a pope and brought the papacy under French control. The later Valois, starting with Francis I, ignored religious differences and allied with the Ottoman Sultan to counter the growing power of the Holy Roman Empire. Henry IV was a Protestant at the time of his accession, but realized the necessity of conversion after four years of religious warfare.

The Capetians generally enjoyed a harmonious family relationship. By tradition, younger sons and brothers of the King of France are given appanages for them to maintain their rank and to dissuade them from claiming the French crown itself. When Capetian cadets did aspire for kingship, their ambitions were directed not at the French throne, but at foreign thrones. Through this, the Capetians spread widely over Europe.

In modern times, both King Felipe VI of Spain and Grand Duke Henri of Luxembourg are members of this family, both through the Bourbon branch of the dynasty. Along with the House of Habsburg, it was one of the two most powerful continental European royal families, dominating European politics for nearly five centuries.

ast heirs[edit]

The last of the direct Capetians were the daughters of Philip IV's three sons, and Philip IV's daughter, Isabella. Since they were female, they could not transmit their Capetian status to their descendants. The wife of Edward II of England (1284–1327), Isabella (c.1295–1358) overthrew her husband in favour of her son (Edward III, 1312–1377) and her co-hort (Roger Mortimer, 1st Earl of March, 1287–1330), only for Edward III to execute Mortimer and have Isabella removed from power. On the death of her brother, Charles IV, she claimed to be her father's heiress, and demanded the throne pass to her son (who as a male, an heir to Philip IV, and of adult age, was considered to have a good claim to the throne); however, her claim was refused, eventually providing a cause for the Hundred Years' War.

Joan (1312–1349), the daughter of Louis X, succeeded on the death of Charles IV to the throne of Navarre, she now being – questions of paternity aside – the unquestioned heiress. She was the last direct Capetian ruler of that kingdom, being succeeded by her son, Charles II of Navarre (1332–1387); his father, Philip of Évreux (1306–1343) had been a member of the Capetian House of Évreux. Mother and son both claimed on several occasions the throne of France, and later the Duchy of Burgundy.

Of the daughters of Philip V and Joan II of Burgundy, the elder two had surviving issue. Joan III, Countess of Burgundy (1308–1349), married Odo IV, Duke of Burgundy (1295–1350), uniting the Duchy and County of Burgundy. Her line became extinct with the death of her sole grandchild, Philip I, Duke of Burgundy (1346–1361), whose death also served to break the union between the Burgundys once more. Her sister, Margaret (1310–1382), married Louis I, Count of Flanders (1304–1346), and inherited the County of Burgundy after the death of Philip I; their granddaughter and heiress, Margaret III, Countess of Flanders (1350–1405), married the son of John II of France (1319–1364), Philip II, Duke of Burgundy (1342–1404), uniting the two domains once more.

Of Charles IV's children, only Blanche (1328–1392) – the youngest, the baby whose birth marked the end of the House of Capet – survived childhood. She married Philip of Valois, Duke of Orléans (1336–1376), the son of Philip VI, but they produced no children. With her death in 1392, the House of Capet finally came to an end.

http://www.robertsewell.ca/capet.html

The Capetian Dynasty

France in Early Mediæval Times

    For most of the middle ages, the land we know to-day as France was neither a distinct political nor geographical place.  The territorial boundaries rarely coincided with modern France.  Originally part of the Roman Empire, the region was settled by Germanic tribes from central Europe including the Franks, Visigoths and Burgundians.  At the end of the fifth century, Clovis united many tribes into a single Frankish kingdom.  Following Clovis' death in 511, the kingdom was split up among his four sons according to ancient Frankish tradition and law.  Charlemagne (742 - 814) founded a Frankish empire covering what is to-day France and Germany; but it too was split up after the death of his son Louis (I) "the Pious" in 840.

    The election of Hugh Capet as king in 987 began the Capetian Dynasty which ruled France for much of the middle ages.  However, the actual royal domaine, known as Ile-de-France, was small and weak, consisting of little more that the land surrounding Paris, Orléans and Laon.  It was not until the 12th century that later Capetians took steps to strenghten the king in the Ile-de-France.

    Our genealogy shown here is considered reliable and is based on:

• George Andrews Moriarty: The Plantagenet Ancestry of King Edward III and Queen Philippa,  Mormon Pioneer Genealogical Society, Salt Lake City, Utah, 1985

• Frederick L. Weis and Walter L. Sheppard: Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700, 7th Edition, Baltimore, 1999.